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二羧酸
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'''二羧酸'''是指含有两个羧基官能团的有机化合物，[[分子]]通式常写为HOOC-R-COOH。可以使用二羧酸来制备共聚物，比如聚酰胺、聚酯等。COOH。可以使用二羧酸来制备共聚物，比如聚酰胺、聚酯等<ref name=Ullmanns>Boy Cornils, Peter Lappe "Dicarboxylic Acids, Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2006, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. 。
==例子==
{| class="wikitable" width="75%" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto"
|+'''基本的饱和二羧酸'''
! width="15%"|通用名!!width="30%"|IUPAC系统名!!width="25%"|化学式!!width="30%"|结构式!!width="15%"|pK1pK<sub>a</sub>1!!width="15%"|pK2pK<sub>a</sub>2!!width="15%"|
|-
|align="center"|[[草酸]]||align="center"|乙二酸||align="center"|HOOC-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Oxalic acid.png|60px]]||1.27||4.27
|-
|align="center"|[[丙二酸]]||align="center"|丙二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Malonic acid structure.png|90px]]||2.85||5.70
|-
|align="center"|[[琥珀酸]]||align="center"|丁二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Succinic acid.png|100px]]||4.21||5.41
|-
|align="center"|[[戊二酸]]||align="center"|戊二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>3</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Glutaric acid.png|100px]]||4.34||5.41
|-
|align="center"|[[己二酸]]||align="center"|己二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>4</sub>-COOH||align="center" | [[Image:Adipic acid structure.png|150px]]||4.41||5.41
|-
|align="center"|[[庚二酸]]||align="center"|庚二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>5</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Pimelic acid.png|170px]]||4.50||5.43
|-
|align="center"|[[辛二酸]]||align="center"|辛二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>6</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Suberic acid.png|200px]]||4.62||5.41
|-
|align="center"|[[壬二酸]]||align="center"|壬二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>7</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Azelaic acid.svg|220px]]||4.54||5.41
|-
|align="center"|[[葵二酸]]||align="center"|葵二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>8</sub>-COOH||align="center"|[[Image:Sebacic acid.png|240px]]
|-
| ||align="center"|十一烷二酸||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>9</sub>-COOH||align="center"|
|-
|||align="center"|[[十二烷二酸]]||align="center"|HOOC-(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>10</sub>-COOH||align="center"|
|}
! width="15%"|通用名!!width="30%"|IUPAC系统名!!width="25%"|化学式!!width="30%"|结构式
|-
|align="center"|[[邻苯二甲酸]]||align="center"|1,2-苯二甲酸||align="center"|CHC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(COOH)<sub>2</sub>||align="center"|[[Image:Phthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png|125px]]
|-
|align="center"|[[间苯二甲酸]]||align="center"|1,3-苯二甲酸||align="center"|CHC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(COOH)<sub>2</sub>||align="center"|[[Image:Isophthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png|125px]]
|-
|align="center"|[[对苯二甲酸]]||align="center"|1,4-苯二甲酸||align="center"|CHC<sub>6</sub>H<sub>4</sub>(COOH)<sub>2</sub>
|align="center"|[[Image:Terephthalic-acid-2D-skeletal.png|125px]]
|}
!类型!!width="15%"|通用名!!width="25%"|IUPAC系统名!!width="25%"|化学式!!width="30%"|结构式
|-
|单不饱和二羧酸||[[马来酸]]22<br>[[反顺-丁烯二酸]]||(EZ)-丁烯二酸 || HOCCHHO<sub>2</sub>CCH=CHCOH CHCO<sub>2</sub>H ||
|-
| || [[戊烯二酸延胡索酸]]<br>[[反-丁烯二酸]] || Pent(E)-2-enedioic acid 丁烯二酸 || HOCCHHO<sub>2</sub>CCH=CHCHCOH CHCO<sub>2</sub>H ||
|-
| || [[Traumatic acid戊烯二酸]] || DodecPent-2-enedioic acid || HOC(CH)CHHO<sub>2</sub>CCH=CHCOHCHCH<sub>2</sub>CO<sub>2</sub>H ||
|-
| || [[Traumatic acid]] || Dodec-2-enedioic acid || HO<sub>2</sub>C(CH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>8</sub>CH=CHCO<sub>2</sub>H|||-|双不饱和二羧酸|| [[Muconic acid]] || (2E,4E)-Hexa-2,4-dienedioic acid || HOCCHHO<sub>2</sub>CCH=CHCH=CHCOH CHCO<sub>2</sub>H ||
|}
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