门 (生物)
来自中医百科
门（英文：动物界的门为Phylum，植物界的门为Division）是生物分类法中的一级，位于界和纲之间，有时在门下也分亚门。目前动物界拥有35个门，植物界则拥有12个门，许多门种类繁多，例如蜕皮动物与有胚植物。
动物门
| 门 | 涵义 | 名称 | 分类特征 | 种类 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 棘头动物门 | Thorny headed worms | Thorny-headed worms | Reversible spiny proboscis | |
| 无腔动物门 | Without gut | Acoels | No mouth or alimentary canal (alimentary canal = digestive tract in digestive system) | |
| 环节动物门 | Little ring | Segmented worms | 生物体柔软，分节 | |
| 节肢动物门 | Jointed foot | Arthropods | 甲壳素外骨骼 | |
| 腕足动物门 | Arm foot | Lamp shells | Lophophore，有肉茎 | |
| 外肛动物门 | Moss animals | Moss animals, sea mats | Lophophore，没有肉茎，ciliated tentacles | extant |
| 毛颚动物门 | Longhair jaw | Arrow worms | 在头和鳍的两边均有几丁质组成的尖刺 | extant |
| 脊索动物门 | Cord | Chordates | Hollow dorsal nerve cord, 脊索, pharyngeal slits, endostyle, 肛门 | |
| 刺胞动物门 | Stinging nettle | Coelenterates | Nematocysts (stinging cells) | |
| 栉水母动物门 | Comb bearer | Comb jellies | Eight "comb rows" of fused cilia | extant |
| 环口动物门 | Wheel carrying | Symbion | Circular mouth surrounded by small cilia | |
| 棘皮动物门 | Spiny skin | Echinoderms | Fivefold radial symmetry in living forms, mesodermal calcified spines | extant; approx. 13,000 extinct |
| 内肛动物门 | Inside anus | Goblet worm | Anus inside ring of cilia | |
| 腹毛动物门 | Hair stomach | Meiofauna | Two terminal adhesive tubes | |
| 颚胃动物门 | Jaw orifice | Jaw worms | ||
| 半索动物门 | Half cord | Acorn worms, pterobranchs | Stomochord in collar, pharyngeal slits | extant |
| 动吻动物门 | Motion snout | Mud dragons | Eleven segments, each with a dorsal plate | |
| 铠甲动物门 | Corset bearer | Brush heads | Umbrella-like scales at each end | |
| 微颚动物门 | Tiny jaw animals | — | Accordion like extensible thorax | |
| 软件动物门 | Soft | Mollusks / molluscs | Muscular foot and mantle round shell | |
| 线虫动物门 | Thread like | Round worms | Round cross section, keratin cuticle | –1,000,000 |
| 线形动物门 | Thread form | Horsehair worms | ||
| 纽形动物门 | A sea nymph | Ribbon worms | ||
| 有爪动物门 | Claw bearer | Velvet worms | Legs tipped by chitinous claws | extant |
| 直泳虫门 | Straight swim | Single layer of ciliated cells surrounding a mass of sex cells | ||
| 帚虫动物门 | Zeus's mistress | Horseshoe worms | U-shaped gut | |
| 扁盘动物门 | Plate animals | |||
| 扁形动物门 | Flat worms | Flat worms | ||
| 多孔动物门* | Pore bearer | Sponges | Perforated interior wall | |
| 鳃曳动物门 | Little Priapus | |||
| 菱形虫门 | Lozenge animal | — | Single axial cell surrounded by ciliated cells | |
| 轮形动物门 | Wheel bearer | Rotifers | Anterior crown of cilia | |
| 星虫动物门 | Small tube | Peanut worms | Mouth surrounded by invertible tentacles | –320 |
| 缓步动物门 | Slow step | Water bears | Four segmented body and head | |
| 异涡动物门 | Strange flatworm | — | Ciliated deuterostome | |
| Total: 35 | 2,000,000- |
| 原口动物 | 两侧对称动物 | |
| 后口动物 | ||
| 存有争议 | ||
| 其他 | ||
植物门
| 门 | 涵义 | 名称 | 特征 |
| 角苔门 | Flower-horn plants | Hornworts | 喇叭状的孢子体，无维管束系统 |
| 苔藓植物门 | 苔藓植物 | Mosses | 长寿的不分枝孢子体，无维管束系统 |
| 地钱门 | Marchantia plants | Liverworts | 短暂的不分枝孢子体，无维管束系统 |
| 石松门 | Wolf foot plants | Clubmosses & Spikemosses | 小型叶，具维管束系统 |
| 蕨类植物门 | 蕨类植物 | Ferns & Horsetails | Prothallus gametophytes, 具维管束系统 |
| 种子蕨门 | 有种子的蕨 | Seed ferns | 只从化石得知，多从泥盆纪，有争议 |
| 松柏门 | Sap/pitch plants | Conifers | Cones containing seeds and wood composed of tracheids |
| 苏铁门 | Cycads | Seeds, crown of compound leaves | |
| 银杏门 | 银杏 | Ginkgo, Maidenhair | Seeds not protected by fruit (single species) |
| 买麻藤门 | Gnetophytes | Seeds and woody vascular system with vessels | |
| 被子植物门 | 开花植物 | Flowering plants | Flowers and fruit, vascular system with vessels |
外部连结
- Are phyla "real"? Is there really a well-defined "number of animal phyla" extant and in the fossil record?
- Major Phyla Of Animals
这是一篇与医籍相关的条目。推荐您访问中医智库，阅读(生物)&m=0 《门 (生物)》经典原文。
