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[[File:12-08-18-tilidin-retard.jpg|thumb|照片中的药物为，也称三甲氧基安非他命。]] '''药物治疗'''指一切用作诊断、治疗、预防疾病或减轻痛楚的药物或[[化学]]物质。<ref>[http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fdcact/fdcact1.htm US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, SEC. 210., (g)(1)(B).] Accessed 17 August 2008.</ref><ref>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32004L0027:EN:HTML Directive 2004/27/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Article 1.] Published March 31, 2004. Accessed 17 August 2008.</ref>。可能是单一的活性成份，或是由多种活性成份组合而成<ref>[http://www.pharmacistspharmajournal.org/2010/11/definitions-of-drug-radioactive-drug_11.html Definition and classification of Drug or Pharmaceutical Regulatory aspects of drug approval] Accessed 30 Dec 2013.</ref><ref>[http://www.fda.gov/opacom/laws/fdcact/fdcact1.htm US Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, SEC. 210., (g)(1)(B).] Accessed 17 August 2008.</ref><ref>[http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32004L0027:EN:HTML Directive 2004/27/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 March 2004 amending Directive 2001/83/EC on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use. Article 1.] Published March 31, 2004. Accessed 17 August 2008.</ref>。

[[File:Assorted pharmaceuticals by LadyofProcrastination.jpg|left|thumb|250px]] 药物治疗可以依多种方法分类<ref>www 药物治疗可以依多种方法分类www.epgonline.org database of prescription pharmaceutical products including drug classifications [http://www.epgonline.org/class.cfm]</ref>，其中最常见的是以化学性质、功效、受影响身体部位或者是分类。[[世界卫生组织]]（[[WHO]]）在1976年[[推出]]的[[解剖学治疗学及化学分类系统]]（[[ATC]]）受广泛应用，同时该组织还发布了一份[[世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单|基本药物]]列表。

给药是指药物进入人体的过程。有三种主要给药的方式，包括（药物或其他由[[肠道]]吸收药物的方式）、非肠道给药（主要指利用[[静脉注射]]，使药物直接进入循环系统）及其他（包括鼻内，局部，吸入等方式）<ref></ref>。，使药物直接进入循环系统）及其他（包括鼻内，局部，吸入等方式）。